Nof telescopic railway oar



(No Model.) y 6 Sheets-Sheet 1, J. E. PAGE. I :NON: TELESOPI RAILWAYCAR.

Patented Dec. 12, 1893.

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(No Model.) l 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. E. PAGE. NON TELBSCOPIG RAILWAY GAB..

No. 510,816. Patented Deo. 12, 1893.

THE NA'noNAL LwHoeRAPNma COMPANY.

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(No Model.) i 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

. J. E. PAGE,

NON TELBSGOPIG RAILWAYCAB..

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e sheets sheet' 4.

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NON TBLBSGOPIG RAILWAY GAR.

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i i l (No Model.) 6 sheets-sheet 5.- J. E. PAGE.

NON TELESGOPI RAILWAY UAR.

Patented Dec. 12; 1893.

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h (No Model.) J. E. E; s sheetsfsneet 6. NoN TEL'BSGOPIQ RAILWAY GAR.110. 510,816. 11116111511 Deo. 12,1893.

TN: NAnoNAL LIYMoGHAPmNa COMPANY.

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NITED. STATES PATENT Y .OF-FICE.

JUSTIN EPAGE, oF- INDEPENDENCE, vMISSOURI, AssIeNoR or ONE-HALF ToJOSEPH LUFF, uor SAME PLACE.

NON-TELESCOPIC RAI LWAY-CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,816, dated December12, 1893.'

' Application filed June 26, 1893. Serial No. 478,784. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

dependence, in the county of Jackson'and State of Missouri, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Non-TelescopicRailway-Cars, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of this specification.

ro My invention pertains to improvements in railway cars, and moreespecially to certain improvements in non-telescopic railway cars.

One of the objects of my invention is to so guard the trucks of arailway car as to as-l sist them in preserving a normal alignment withthe track and with the car when either or al1 of the wheels of suchtrucks becomeA derailed either by broken rail, broken axle,

or a broken flange,- or from any other cause zo which would. in anordinary car allow the truck to turn upon its pivot farther than nec- -Vessary and thus throw the' wheels cross-wise of the track, and socapsize the car or wreck the train.

A further object of my invention is to so lock a train of cars togetheras to preserve the-horizontal and longitudinal alignment of the train incase of severe collision or sudden and dangerous stoppage of the trainfrom any 3o cause.A

A still further object of my invention is to so improve lthe attachmentsto the truck brake of a non-telescopic railway car as that it shall beautomatically set in case of severe and 5 5 dangerous collision.` I alsoso mount the chatin g plates of a vestibule upon the ends of such a caras to be automatically adjustable from a transverse alignment with thecar to a diagonal or an oblique alignment with the same 4o whennecessary.'

A still further object of my invention is to Y so joint the body of acar having beveled ends and mounted upon a truck platform as to alloweither end of the car body to be moved laterally upon its pivotalsupportindependent of its opposite end, thus forming a flexible carbody, and also to so attach buffeted. guards' ory defense rails to theinner walls ot the cnr bodyas to protect the occu- 5o pants frominjuryincase of ase-vere collision which should causea lateral movement of thevcarhbodyto take place. Y

Another object is to so protect the rear end of the car when beingapproached by a locomotive as to prevent a longitudinal align ment ofthe car with the locomotive, and thus prevent the car from being thrownto one side upon the pilot of the engine.

Still another object ofv my invention is to improve the differentlocking and unlocking 6o mechanisms, and also to furnish air cushionsagainst which certain telescopic or slidingA frames projecting fromeither end of a truck platform willbe driven in case of severecollision, and also that a portion of the force 65 which shall cause theends of the car bodies to be movedlaterally shall be exerted upon itscentral pivot.

A further object of my invention is to arrest the lateral movement ofeither end of 7o the car body at the proper time by means of certainconnections yhereinafter described.

Again, my invention tends to simplify the mechanism and cheapen theconstruction of a non-telescopic railway car. l A 7 5 To the abovepurposes my invention consists of cerlainpeculiarand novel features ofconstruction and arrangement as herein- Yafter describedy and claimed.

yIn order that my invention may be fully So understood,I will proceed todescribe it with reference to theaccornpanying drawings.

Figure I, represents a detail side elevation showing turn-tableinsection and means of forming the flexible connection between the twosections of car body. Fig.II, represents an end elevation showing pilotguard arms. Fig. III, represents a detail, longitudinal section, showingvestibule construction and automatic window guard. Fig. IV, represents9o a top view of the truck platform, showing emergency cable and tensionbars. Fig. V, represents an inverted View of the truck platform, showingvarious details of construction. Fig. VI, represents a longitudinalsection of the car bodies with roof removed, the bodies being movedlaterally upon the truck platform. Fig. VII, represents alongitudinal-sectional broken view of the car bodies with roof removedshowing position of vestibule roo and gangway platforms when bodies ofcars are moved laterally. Fig. VIII, represents a detail top view of carbodies movedv laterally with automatic safety tension bar and clutch.Fig. IX, represents a longitudinal section of car platform, showingtelescopic frame and locking mechanism in folded position. Fig. X, is adetail side elevation of car bodies showing tension bar and automaticclutch. Fig. XI, is a detail view showing latch bar for locking the carbodies in their normal position. Fig. XII, represents a vertical sectionof the car body showing hinged safety guard. Fig. XIII, represents atransverse section of the turn-table and pivotal post to which the carbodies are connected. Fig. XIV., represents a vertical section of thecar bodies, pivoted turn-table and truck platform. Fig. XV., is anenlarged detail view showing means for holding the telescopic frame inits extended position. Fig. XVI, is an enlarged detail view of thebifurcated arms for engaging the telescopic frame. Fig. XVII, is adetail view of car bodies showing safety tension bar for connecting thesame in its extended position and the bodies moved into their extremelateral position.

Referring tothe drawings: l, represents the truck platform upon whichthe body of the car is sectionally and jointedly mounted, as composed ofa number of longitudinal and parallel beams 2, of any suitable lengthand dimension, which are shown as braced together by two transverse endplates or beams 3, and also a suitable number of intermediate transversebeams a, and overlaid with a floor 5. I desire it to be understood thatthis truck platform may be either of this precise structural character,or any other suitable for supporting the car body in the mannerhereinafter described, and also for supporting the operating mechanismto be described. In any event, the truck platform is of an approximatelyoblong, rectangular form, and is supported at its ends upon two trucks6, these trucks being also in their general construction of any suitableor preferred type. Each of these trucks is attached to the truckplatform by means of the usual pivot 7.

At each end the truck platform is provided with a longitudinal slidingframe 8, which is composed of two or any other suitable or preferrednumber of longitudinal and parallel beams, the outer ends of which areconnected together by a cross-bar or beam 9. The two sliding end frames8, just described are each retained normally in outwardly extended orprotracted position by means of two or any other suitable or preferrednumber of pivoted arms 10, which are carried by horizontal pivotalrock-shafts 1l, which extend transversely of the truck platform l, thesaid rock-shafts being held adjustably in position by suitable pendentjournal bearing bars l2, which are secured to the under side of thelongitudinal beams 2, of the truck platform by a hinge joint 13 and bolt14,said bolt being surrounded by a spiral spring 15. The downwardprojecting arms 10, are knuckle jointed as at 16, to the rear end of acorresponding number of rods 17, which extend outwardly and looselythrough apertures 18, in a thrust bar 19, which bar is rigidly securedto the lower side of the beams 2.

2O represents springs surrounding the rods 17, said springs impinging attheirouter ends against the thrust bar 19, and at their inner ends abutagainst the lower end of the arms 10, at the knuckle joint 16. The armIO, is provided with an extension 21, which projects upward from therock-shaft Il, and their outer surfaces 22, are held in frictionalcontact with the inner ends of the sliding frames and are provided outheir opposite or outer surfaces with slots 23, to which one end of aconnecting bar 24, is secured by means of a bolt 25. The connecting bar24, which angles slightly downward and inward, connects at its oppositeend, and by a knuckle joint 26, with an angular bar 27. The bar 27, isfulcrumed to a bracket 2S, said bracket being secured to the under sideof the beams of the truck platform. The opposite ends of the bar 27,contain slots 29, through which guide bolts 30, loosely pass. I'lheupper end of the guide bolt is jointedly secured to a bracket 31, and issurrounded by a spiral spring 32, which impinges at its upper endagainst the bracket 31, and abuis at itslower end against the angularbar 27. The rock-shaft l1, is held to a position behind the beams 33, ofthe sliding frame 8, and slightly above the lower surface of the beamsby the hinged bearing bar 12, and the bolt 14, which passes loosely'through a slot 34, in the bearing bar l2, said bearing bar l2, beinghinged to the bracket 28. The lower portion of the bolt 14, issurrounded by the spiral spring l5, which is held in position againstthe bearing bar by the nut 35. The portions 2l, of the arms l0, arecurved at 36, and their upper extremity also forms a fork 37, whichpartially surrounds a thrust rod 38, which is secured to and projectsinward from the inner ends of the beams 33.

The object of the mechanism just described is to hold the sliding ortelescopic frames 8, to an extended position against any ordinary forcewhich might be exerted against them; but should the concussion be sosevere as to endanger the breaking of the car the sliding frames aredriven violently inward forcing the inner ends of the beams 8, againstthe curved and upper extremity of the arms lO, of the rock-shaftll,causing it to rotate until the curved ends 39, of the beams 33, comein Contact with the rock-shaft, forcing it downward, thus lowering theslotted end of the hinged journal bar 12, causing the compression of thespring 20, until the ends of the beam 33, including an added projection40, have been driven inward past the rock-shaft. As the arms l0, aredriven rearward and downward the joint bolt 25, has been caused totraverse the slot 23, thus forcing the arm IOO IIO

l0, into violent contact with the jointed bars 24, 27, which are heldslightly from a straight line by the joint 26, as shown in Fig. I, thuscausing them to double or knuckle, as shown in Fig. IX, causing thecompression of the spring 32, by the angular bar 27; and so the entirelocking mechanism has been forced to yield to the violent concussionagainst the sliding frame, allowing it to be driven inward. To the rearor inner ends of the beams 33, of the sliding frames 8, is rigidlyconnected the thrust rod 38, which passes through the cross bar 4, andto its inner end is secured a face plate 31, and surrounding the rod isa spiral spring 42, which impinges against the cross bar. Upon theopposite side of the cross bar is a spiral spring 43, which alsosurrounds the rod 38. At the rear or inner side of the face plate 41,and a short distance therefrom is also a face plate 44, which is fixedto the outer end of the piston rod 45, which projects from an aircylinder 46, upon the inside of which it is connected with the usualstyle of piston head 47,*and is shown in Fig. I, as in an extendedposition. the piston rod 45, passes through the cylinder 46, and isconnected with an arm 48, the object of which will be presentlyexplained. The air cylinders are secured to the under side of theplatform by clips or clamps 49. It will now be understood that in caseof collision sufficiently violent to drive the curved inner end portionof the beams 33, of the telescopic frames 8, inwardly past the upperends of the arms l0, the rods 38, will also be carried inward, thusforcing the face plate 4l, against the face vplate 44, and so drive thepiston head 47, inward, thus forming a compressed air cushion againstwhich the telescopic frames are forced. The spiral springs 43, whichsurround the rod 38, also tend to arrest the inward progress of thebeams by coming in contact with their squared end portion, as shown at50. The spiral spring 42, which surrounds the rod 38, between the crossbar 4, and the face plate 41, is intended to furnish a cushion for thetelescopic frame similar to that of an ordinary draw head while thetrain is being drawn, and so prevent the frame 8, from being withdrawnoutwardly farther than its normal position.

Upon the upper side of the end cross beam 9, of the sliding end frame ismounted a vertical friction roller 51, which revolves freely upon avertical pin or bolt 52, which projects.

from a plate 53, upon the cross bearn,the purpose of this frictionroller being hereinafter described.

I will now proceed to describe the operating mechanism of the car body,premising this description with a statement of the fact that exceptingthat as to the central joint and hinges, its buffeted railings inside,which will be hereinafter described, its end doors and platforms andvestibule and connections at the bottom of the car body, this car bodymay be of the usual or any preferred type of The inner end ot'vconstruction that is to say,vthat whether the car be a passenger car, amail car, a baggage car, or a freight car, the interior fittings andgeneral construction of the car body may bey ofthe usual or anypreferred type. Referring to Fig. VIII, it will be seen that the forwardand rearward ends of the car body at the left and .right hand sidesrespectively are beveled as shown at 54, 55, from a point some distanceto the left and rightof the central line of the car at an angle of aboutforty-five degrees and toward the right and left sides of the car, thusleaving a portion of the projecting telescopic or sliding frames 8,uncovered by the body of the car. I also bevel a small portion of theopposite corner of the car body asshown at 56, in Fig. VIII, the objectof which is to lessen the probabilities of its striking any obstructionalong thel side of the track when it has for any causemoved laterallyupon its pivot. To the under side ofthe truck platform 1, may be securedthe usual car fixtures. Upon the center of the truck platform 1, andrigidly secured thereto, I mount the lower member 57, of a turntablehaving a central opening 58, into which I match the turn-table member59, having a central opening 60, and a stem 61, which projects somedistance through the lower member 57, and has rigidly secured theretothe arm 62, (see Fig. V) which projects outwardly transversely from thecenter of the truck platform, the object of which will be presentlyexplained. In the opening of the member 59, I then insert a center post63,inthelower portion of which is an opening 64. Said post extendsdownward through the member 59, and has rigidly secured theretoan arm65, (see Fig. V) which extends in an opposite direction to the arm 62,of the member 59, the object of which will be presently explained. Themembers 57, 59, contain slots 66, 67, and the post 63, contains openings68. 69, represents rollers journaled to the post near said openings; and70, represents rollers journaled to the post at its lower extremity,which will be presently referred to. To the upper surface of the truckplatform and at each end I rigidly attach a track 7l, having an annularrib 72, and arranged concentrically with the center pivot post 63. Thistrack also contains a cavity 73, in which is a grooved roller 74, whichwill be presently referred to. To the bottom of the ribs of the car bodyI rigidly secure an annular shaped track 76, having a groove 77, whichengages the rib 72. The rib 72 is provided with a shoulder 7S, againstwhich the track 76, abuts when the car body is in its normal position.Secured to the member 79, of the turn-table is the car body section 80,which extends to the outer end of the truck platform, including theextension frame 8. The upper portion of the turn-table member 79, isalso secured to the center post 63, by means of a pin 81, passingthrough a shoulder 82.

IOO

IZO

The opposite car body section 83, is secured to the turn-table memv ber50, and extends likewise to the opposite end of the truck platform,including the extended frame S. The sections 80, and S3, form a iiexiblecar body, the ends of which are beveled to an angle of about forty-fivedegrees, the beveled portions 54, 55 of which are shod with an angulardefiecting plate 84, against which the vertical roller 51, is forcedwhen the frames S, are driven inward, thus causing the lateral movementot' the end of the car body adjacent thereto. (See Fig. VIII.) Upon theupper portion ot' the car body and just inside the roof are securedcross plates 85, S6, which receive the upper end of the pivot post 63,and which rest against a shoulder S7, the stem portion of the post63,1Jassing upward and through the root` 8S, of the section 80,receiving a nut 89, above the root', the plate S5, being secured to thesection 83, of the car, and the plate 8G, being secured to the sectionS0. In order that the tendency of the car body may be to remain innormal position with the track 7G, held against the shoulder 7S, Ilocate upon the upper surface ot' the truck platform 1, and securethereto by a bolt 90, the outer end of a tension bar 91, the oppositeend of which is attached to thelower side of one of the beams of the carbody, as at 92. The arrangement is such that as the sections of the carbody are moved or rotated laterally upon their pivots, the spring 04,will be tightened and thus tend to hold the car body to its normalposition; and it will be understood that the operation is the same ateither end of the car.

For the purpose of protection of the car body from injury in ease of asevere and dangerous collision, which would cause either end section tobe moved violently to one side farther than the capacity of the centraljoint would permit without injury, l provide an emergency cable 95,which is strung upon rollers 06, which are mounted upon the uppersurface of the truck platform 1,the cable 95, being passed around theserollers and also around rollers 97, which are secured to the ends oftension bars 93, which bars are secured at their opposite ends to thesurface of the truck platform 1, as shown at 00. These bars are only forthe purpose of taking up the slack of the cable 90, as shown at 100, thecable being rigidly attached to the bottom of the sills of the car body,as at 101. It will now be understood that should either end section of.the ear body be moved violently to one side, the slack of the cable, asheld by the tension bar 08, would be instant-ly tightened, as at 102,(see Fig. VI) and thus the center joint of the car body would beprotected from undue strain by the violent lateral movement thereof.

As has been above stated, portions of the car body will be movedlaterally with considerable quickness in case of violent collision.Therefore to divide the strain which will come on the car body sidewiseby the force of the friction roller against the beveled portion, I

pivotally attach the outer end of a lever 103 to the bottom sills 2, ofthe truck vplatform by means of a bolt104, from which point the leverextends horizontally and in longitudinal and oblique line past the endsot' the arms 62, 65, bringing a projection 105, on the lever 103, intofrictional contact with thearms 62, G5,and then to a point adjacent tothe inner ends of the air cylinders 4,6. To this end ot the lever 103,is pivotally attached an equalizer 106, by m cans of bolts 107,whichpass through the slots 10S, in said lever. From thence the equalizerextends in either direction to the inner ends of the piston rods 45, ofthe air cylinder, andis attached thereto by means ot bolts 109. Thus theentire connection is completed; and it will now be understood that asthe sliding frame is driven inwardly the pistons ofthe air cylinders arealso driven inwardly, thus causing the bolts 107, on the equalizer' totraverse the slots 10S, forcing the lever 103, toward the center of thecar and carrying the end of the arms G2, G5, with it. By this means theforce which would otherwise come directly against the beveled end of thecar body is now partly diverted to a direct contact with the innermember of the turn-table; thus the car body section is given its lateralmotion by power exerted on its central as well as its end portion, andit will be understood that the process is alike on either end of thecar.

Located at each end of the car body platform is a hand brake statt110,012' the ordinary construction, the lower end of which is connectedwith a cable 111, as shown at 112, which extends along the bottom of thecar body, angling slightly downward and through and between the flangesof the friction rollers 74, which are located in the cavity 73, ot thetrack 71. Thence the cable passes back to and through the slots 6G,67,in the turn-table members and through the opening 63, in the post 63,thence over the guide roller 60, thence down and around the guiderollers 70, from which it passes back to the trucks and there connectswith an ordinary brake, 113, as at 114. It will now be understood thatas the cable passes the roller 73, it is located in such relationtherewith that as the end of the car body is moved laterally upon itspivot, the cable is brought violently against said rollers, thus takingup the entire slack of the cable, and so automatically sets the brakesof the adjacent truck below. It will now be undcrstood that when the carbody is inits normal IOO ITO

position the connection otl the brake statt with the adjacent trucksbelow is such that the process of setting the brakes by hand may befreely accomplished, or the same will be set automatically bythe pivotalor lateral movement of the end of the car body. It will now beunderstood that the driving inward of the extending sliding ortelescopic frames `8, allowing an approach toward a 1 folded position ofthe dierent car bodies of a train with relation to each other will takeplace in proportion to the severity of the collision, and that thedriving inward of the sliding or telescopic frames to their extremecashioning point causing the lateral movement of the ends of the carbodies will first take place at the point nearest the object with whichthe train collides, and so on in succession toward the rear end of thetrain, and thus the distinct shock which occurs with an ordinary trainwould be divided into several lighter and therefore less dangerousshocks, while the telescoping of the car bodies would be practicallyimpossible.

I will now proceed to describe the locking and unlocking mechanisms forholding and releasing the car body to and from its normal positionparallel with and over the truck platform. Secured to the under side ofthe car body beams is a catch or latch receiver 115, the inwardlyextending end of which is provided with a slot 116, which is wider atits entrance than at its terminus. The object of the latch will bepresently described. 117, represents a latch bar pivoted to the underside of the truck platform as shownv at 118, said latch bar extendingvertically and being so weighted at the rear of its pivotal support, asshown at 119, as to hold it in vertical position with its upper endengaged with the slotted latch receiver 115. The lower end of thevertical latch bar 117, is provided with a vertically extending slot120, the object of which will be presently explained. At the lower endof an arm 121, which extends downward from the rock-shaft ll, is jointlyconnected a rod 122, by means of a bolt 123. The rod 122, extendsrearwardly and horizontally and passes loosely through the slot 120, inthe lower end of the latch bar 117, and only engages therewith by meansof a pin 124, passing through the rod horizontally. It will now beunderstood that when the extending telescope frame adjacent to the latchbar is driven inwardly, causing the shaft 11, which carries'the arms121, to rotate, the rod 122, will be carried forward or outward, thuscausing the upper ends of the latch bar 117, to move inwardly and sodisengage the slotted latch receiver 115, thus unlocking that end of thecar body to its pivotal motion just as the friction roller 51, on the.frame S, comes in contact with the angle plate of the beveled portionof the end of the car body. It will also be understood that the lockingand unlocking mechanism at the opposite end of the car locks and unlocksthe section of the car body adjacent thereto to its lateral movement inprecisely the same manner. The friction rollers 51, which are mountedupon the telescope frames when in their normal position are located asufficient distance from the beveled ends of the car body to admit ofthe said frames being driven inward a sufficient distance to cause theunlocking of the ends of the car body to its pivotal motion, as aboveexplained, before said rollers so come in contact with the regulardeflecting plate as to cause the ends of the car body to be movedlaterally upon itspivots. Secured to the upper surface of the truckplatform and just outside of the track 71, is a safety door unlockingplate 125. Pivoted to the bottom of the car body is a bell crank lever126, the upwardly extending arin 127, of which projects through atransversely extending s lot 128, in the platform of the car and bearingagainst the inner side of a safety door 129, in the opposite squaredends of the car. 'I he safety doors 129, are provided with spring hinges130, which, when the unlocking levers 126, are operated by the lateralmovement of the ends of the car body, cause the side doors toautomatically open, said doors being unlatched by means of a downwardlyextending arm 131, of the bell crank lever 126, coming in contact withthe unlocking plate 1 25. Thus it will be understood that as theslidingframes 8, recede toward their innermost extremity, the arm 131, of thebell crank lever rests or bears upon the inner edge of the said plate125. The lateral motion of the endsof the car body thus causes the lowerextremity of the arm 131, to be elevated as it travels laterally up theface of the plate 125, the upper arm 127, at the same time moving towardthe outer edge of the car body beyond the inneredge of the door, thusallowing the springs 130, to automatically open the door at each oreither end of the car. 132, represents a squared end portion of the bodyof the car in which the safety doors 129,are located. 133, represents anoblique side extending from the opposite outer sides of the car to anintervening squared portion 134, which connects with a longitudinalportion 135, which in turn connects at its forward end with the squaredportion 132. The ordinary passenger door 136, of the car is located 1nthe squared portion 133. 137, represents the platform which is composedof that portion extending beyond the walls just described. Saidplatforms are provided on one side with steps 138, of the usualconstruction and arrangement; while on the opposite side ot the car andat the rear terminations of its beveled portion the steps 139, aresecured to the truck platform. It will be understood that this isnecessary from the fact that to secure them to the car body would notpermit its end to move laterally; therefore, to form the upper step aportion of the car body platform is out away, as shown at 140, thusmaking the step of the upper surfaces of that portion of the truckplatform which is left exposed by the cutting away of the car body, asat 141. To the bottom of the sills of the truck platform I dependbrackets 142, which extend downward, being bifurcated at their lowerends so as to pass very loosely over and below the car axle, as at 143.The lower extremity of each of these bifurcated ends contains anopening, the object of which will be presently explained.

For the purpose of protection in the case of a rear end collision, I fixto the under side of IOO IOS

the outer transverse beam 9, of the telescopic frame 8, an angularshaped metal guard 144, having two arms 145, rigidly fixed thereto. Asthese arms extend downwardly at an angle, they diverge from each other,as shown in Fig. II, and also extend rearwardly from the outer end ofthe car toward its center, as shown in Fig. I, until they reach a pointsome distance below the car axles; from thence they extend rearwardlyand parallel with each other as shown at 146, loosely through theopenings in the brackets 142, and are secured at their inner ends bynuts 147. It will now be understood that should this car be approachedby the front of a locomotive, the pilot would so come in contact withthe guard iron as to preserve a longitudinal alignment of the car withthe engine, instead of allowing it to slip to one side of the pilot, asin the absence of the guard iron it would be liable to do; thus thelongitudinal alignment would be sustained until the bumper of the enginewould drive the frames 8, and guard arms inwardly, first unlocking theend sections of the car body to its pivotal motion, then causing it torotate laterally and out of the way of the engine thus approaching it.It will also be understood that the guard iron arms as they pass throughthe holes in the brackets will Vtend to strengthen and assist thetelescopic frames in sustaining a horizontal alignment as they have beendriven inward. The brackets and guard iron arms will also assist thesafetytruss bars which will be hereinafter eX- plained, to sustain thetrucks tov something near their normal position should the trucks in anyway become crippled, but would in no way touch or interfere with thetrucks while in their normal position.

I will now describe the mechanism and operation of the vestibule for mydesign of cars. For the purpose of sustaining the chaiing plates 148,inthe properposition, I erect a post 149, on the outer edge of theplatform and sufficiently to the right of the central longitudinalalignment of the carto admit of a central gangway 150, such as in theordinary cars. The post 149, is pivotallysecured to the frame of theplatform, and also to the roof of the car by brackets 151. Secured tothe top and bottom of the post are obliquely, outwardly extending arms152, 153, said arms having hinged thereto the chating plates 148, asshown at 154. The top of the post 149, is sur rounded by a spiral spring155, which is secured at one of its ends to the roof bracket 156, and atthe opposite end to the arms 154. Said sprin g tends to hold the arms ofthe post in an outwardly extended position. To assist in holding thechafing plates at an alignment transversely of the car, I attach to thechaiing plate near the extreme right side, a bracket 157, and to theplatform a bracket 158. 159,

represents a bolt which passes through the brackets 157, 158, and has acoil spring 160, surrounding the same, said spring being held thereon bya nut 161, which together with the main post hold the chating plate inan align meut transversely of the car, as shown 1n Fig.

III. The walls of the vestibule are made corrugated, as shown at 162,and of flexible material,aud are secured to the chafu g plates and tothe posts of the longitudinal doors 163, in the usual way. It will nowbe understood that when the chafing plate of this vestibule comes infrictional contact with the one mounted upon another carof its like thetendency will be to frictionally hold each other in a direct transversealignment with the car; but should these cars meet with a severe anddangerous collision, sufficient to drive the telescopic frames inward,unlocking either or both of the car body sections to their pivotalmotion and causing their ends to swerve laterally and glide past eachother, the chating plates would quickly adjust themselves to analignment with the beveled portion of the car body, as shown in Fig.VII, thus allowing them to also glide past each other a suitabledistance without inj nry. To the lower central portion of the chain gplate is secured the gangway platform 150, the under surface of whichplays loosely upon the upper surface of the door 137, of the carplatform. In the absence of the vestibule the gangway platform 150, ispivotally secured to the upper surface of the step platform 137, bymeans of a stud bolt 164, as shown in Fig. VI. This bolt is surroundedby a spring 165, which has one end secured thereto. The other restingagainst the gangway platform tends to hold the platform to an extendedposition beyond the door of the step platform, as shown in Fig. I. Theouter edge of this platform is turned downward so as to form a faceplate 166, having a projection 167, against which a similar face platewould chafe when mounted upon the adjacent end of another car of itslike and met by it. It will now be understood that should the ends ofthe car body be driven past each other as hereinbefore described, thegangway platforms would so work on their pivot bolts as to rotaterearwardly suihciently to permit them to pass each other without injury.

I will now describe the cushioned defense rails 168, which areespecially necessary in my peculiarly constructed car, as shown in Fig.III. Said rails are suspended to the left hand inside walls of the carlooking each way from the center; or in other words, on the side nexttothe beveled portion of the car body, and toward which an occupant of thecar would make haste in case of collision which would cause the car bodyto move laterally upon its pivot. These rails extend across the upperportion of the window and intervening walls, as shown in Fig. III, andaresuspended to the upper portion of the side walls by means of hinges169, the rails being held in their normal position across the upperportion of the window by means of latches 170. In order that these railsmay be conveniently IOO window when necessary, they swing upward ontheir hinges and are held to the ceiling of` the `car by means of alatch 171. It will now be understood that should the car body besuddenly moved laterally upon its pivot the occupants who werestandingwouldstumble toward the walls thereof and their defenseis thusprepared.

For the purpose of automatically guarding the lower portion of theWindow and intervenmg walls when necessary, I provide a cushioned plate172, which is heldin position by a vertical rod 173, which is securedthereto. The lower end of the rod 173, passes downward through the floorof the car body and is provided with a hook 174, which extends outwardlyand engages with a staple 175. on the upper surface of the truckplatform. The opening in the floor through which the rod 173, passes isof sufficient size to admitof the passage of the rod, but will notpermit the passage of the hook 174, thus arresting the upward movementof the cushion plate 172. Surrounding the vertical rod isa spiral spring176, which impinges at its lower end against the tioor and at its upperend against a shoulder 177, on the rod. Itwill now be understood thatshould the end of the car body be moved laterally the hook 174, would bereleased from the staple 175, thus allowing the spring to hoist thecushion plate upward and across the lower portion of the window andlnttervening Walls, thus automaticallv preparing a defense against whichthe occiipants of the car would strike should they be thrown in thatdirection.

I will now describe the truck guards or safety truss bars, which consistof two horizontal bars 178, rigidly secured to the bottom of the truckplatform and in parallel alignment therewith, the said bars beingrigidly secured thereto by means of brackets 142. Said bars traversenearly the entire length of the truck platform, passing under the axlesof the truck at either end of the platform and are located a sufficientdistance beneath the axles 179, and inside of the anges of the wheels180, to entirely clear them in case of the rocking movement of the carand the lateral movement of thetruck wheels when turning curves in thetrack. It will now be understood that if for any cause either of thewheels become derailed the truss bars and bracket forks would at onceform a pedestal upon which the crippled portion of the trucks wouldrest, and thus tend to preserve an alignment of the trucks with thetrack and so prevent them from turning crosswise of the track andcapsizing the oar and wreck ing the train until it could be stopped andthus a wreck averted. It will also be understood that the safety bars asabove described are adapted to be used on any ordinary car.

I will now describe the telescopic safety rods 181, and tubes 182, whichare especially adapted to be used on my peculiarly constructed car.These rods and tubes are rigidly secured to the brackets and projectoutward in parallel and longitudinal alignment with the cars to a shortdistance beyond the extreme projecting point of the telescope frames,the rods being pointed at their outer ends, while the tubes are enlargedor bell shaped at theironter ends. The openingsin these tubes are ofsufficient size to permit the rods to enter them loosely or easily, therods and tubes being each located side by side upon each end ot' the carrespectively. It will now be understood that when these rods and tubesare met by others of their like, mounted in like manner, upon anothercar, the points of the rods enter the bell shaped nozzle of the tubes ashort distance and have sufficient play to admit of the usualoscillation of either car without causing the points of the rods and thenozzles of the tubes to come in frictioual contact. But should the trainmeet with a collision severe enough t-o drive the telescope framesinward from their normal position the safety rods and tubes wouldproportionately be telescoped with each other and so lock the traintogether as not to permit the capsizing of any single car or allow themto rise endwise toward the vertical or perpendicular position.

I desire it to be expressly understood that I do notconfine myself toany number of these rods and tubes, nor to any specific locality ormanner of securing them` to the truck platform, as any desired number ofthem may be used, and they may be correspondingly located at any pointbelow the upper surface of the truck platform and rigidly securedthereto in any manner desired. At any rate, they are so located thatwhen in a train an advance of the truck platforms from their normalposition toward each other may cause them to telescope and thus lock thetruck platform to a longitudinal 'alignment corresponding with the trackupon which they rest. The rods and tubes are also matched alternately sothat should either car be turned end for end they would telescope witheach other just the same.

I will now describe the safety tension bar which connects the endportions of the roofs of the cars together and is especially adapted tocars constructed according to my design. Upon the roof of one end of thecar and secured thereto, I pivotally mount a tension bar 183, by meansof a joint 184, upon a bracket 185. A short distance from the joint andtoward the outer end of the car is an annular shaped rib 186, having atits right hand eX- tremity a lug or verticalprojection 187. The tensionbar 183, is thus supported to a horizontal alignment by said rib and toa longitudinal alignment by a spring 188, which holds it against theprojection 187. This spring is also secured to the bracket 135. 189,represents a vertically extending pin on the oppoposite end of thetension bar 183. When the car upon which is mounted the mechanism justdescribed is to be coupled with another car of its like the adjacent endof it will be provided with a combination `friction and positive clutch190, which is formed by forks 191, 192, in acurved bracket 193, which issecured to the roof of the car in the position shown in Fig. VIII.Matched against the forked plate near its outer end is the spring`member 191, which extends rearwardly and is secu red to the bracket asshown at 191. As will be seen, the outer or extreme end of the forkedplate and also the extreme outer end of the spring is curved outwardlyand in opposite directions, as shown in Fig. VIII. Just beneath thesecurved ends is a metal plate 195, which angles downward toward the outer end of the car, the object of which is to furnish a guide to thevertically set pin 189, in the end of the tension bar 1S3, which ismounted upon the adjacent end of another car as hereinabove described.It will now be understood that as the cars are advanced toward eachother for coupling, the vertical pin 189, in the end of the loop wouldtraverse the faceplate and be driven between and pass the spring member191, and the fork member 192, and thus it would be frictionally held inthat position. It will now be understood that should the ends of the carbody be swerved laterally and driven by each other as in the case ofsevere collision the tension bar would be at once carried toward atransverse alignment with the car, and thus the outer end of the tensionbar would pass between the curved forks and cause the vertical pin tocatch upon them and so automatically form a positive clutch. rl`hus theends of the car bodies would be gradually arrested in their lateralmovement by the gradual tightening of the tension bar, as shown in Fig.XVII. Formed in the forked member 192, of the bracket 193, is a verticalslot 196. It will now be understood that should the car bodies be driventoward each otherl farther than their normal position after the endframes have been folded or driven inward either by the breaking of thetruck platform or from any other cause, the vertical pin in the end ofthe tension bar will have traversed between the forks in the bracket tothe vertical slot through which it would pass, and thus the topconnections of the end connection of the car bodies would be severed,allowing the bodies ofthe cars to pass by each other unhindered.

I claim as my invention- 1. A railway car having a flexible bodypivotally mounted upon a truck platform; a curved track 71, having a rib72, mounted upon said platform; a track 75, secured to the bottom of thecar body, said track 75, having a groove 76, into which the rib 72,extends; substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. A llexible railway car; body pivotally mounted upon arectangularframeand formed in sections; a sliding frame projecting from each end of saidrectangular frame and adapted to be telescoped with the rectangularframe, said car body having beveled ends, and mechanism for separatelymoving either end section of the car body upon its central pivot;substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a railway car the combination of a rectangular frame mounted upontrucks; a Ilexible sectional car body mounted on said frame; means forlocking and holding the car body in longitudinal alignment with theframe, and means for automatically unlocking the car body from itslongitudinal alignment so that either section of the car body maybemounted laterally upon the frame independently of the other section;substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a railway car the combination of a truck platform mounted uponsuitable trucks; a telescopic frame projecting from each end of theplatform; means for holding said frame in an extended position whichwill automatically yield to pressure, and permit said frame to be driveninward; a flexible, sectional car body pivotally mounted upon saidplatform, and means in connection with said telescopicframe forunlocking and moving laterally the sections of the car body eitherseparately or simultaneously; substantially as and for the purpose setforth;

5. In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upon suitabletrucks; a car body pivotally mounted upon the platform and adapted to bemoved laterally on its pivot; suitable brakes supported by the platform,and means for connecting the brakes with the car body whereby thelateral movement of the car body will automatically set said brakes;substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upon trucks;a car body pivotally mounted upon the platform and adapted to be rotatedlaterally upon its pivot, and means for automatically applying force toits pivotal support in order to rotate the car body; substantially asdescribed and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted uponsuitable trucks; a telescopic frame projecting from the supporting frameand adapted to be driven inward; a car body pivotally mounted on thesupporting; frame, and means for connecting` the telescopic frame withthe pivotal support of the car body whereby the same may be rotated bythe driving inward of the telescopic frame; substantially as described.

S. In a railway car, the combination of a car-body mounted upon suitabletrucks; a window guard secured to the car body, and means in connectiontherewith whereby the sudden and dangerous stoppage of the car body willcause said window guard to be automatically thrown across the windows ofthe car; substantially as set forth.

9. In a railway car, the combination `of a frame suitably mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally mounted upon said frame and IOO ITO

capable of being moved laterally; a window guard which is automaticallythrown across the windows of the car as the body moveslaterall-y;substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upon trucks;a car body pivotally mounted upon said platform, and capable of beingmoved laterally; a movable window guard secured to the car body, andsuitable means in connection with said window guard whereby the lateralmovement of the car body will cause the same to be thrown across thewindows of the car; substantially as described and for the purpose setforth.

11. In a railway car, the combination of a car body mounted upon trucksand havinga pivotal support whereby the car body is capable of beingmoved laterally; a window guard secured to the car body; means fornormally holding the guard in a depressed position be neath the' windowopening, and means for throwing said guard across the window opening asthe car is moved laterally; substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

12. In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upon trucks;a car body pivotally mountedon said platform; a window guard 172,secured to the car body.; a hooked rod 173, secured to the guard andengaging a staple 174, on the car platform for v holding theguard belowthe window opening, and a spring 176, for throwing said guard across thewindow opening when the lateral movement of the car body causes thehooked rod to be disengaged from the staple, 174; substantially asdescribed and for the purpose set forth.

13. In a railway car, the combination of a car body mounted uponsuitable trucks; a window guard consisting of a cushioned rail hinged tothe car body and adapted to extend across the window opening, and aylatch 170 for securing and holding said guard across said opening;substantially as described and for the purpose set forth. 14.-. In arailway car, the combination of a car body mounted upon suitable trucks;a window guard consisting of a cushioned rail hinged to the car body andadapted to extend across the window opening; and a latch 171 for holdingsaid guard in araised position so as not to interfere with the windowopening;

substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mountedupontrucks; telescopic frames projecting therefrom; pilot guards secured tosaid telescopic frames and extending rearwardly and downwardlytherefrom, and means for connecting the pilot guards with the supportingframe; substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

- 16. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mountedupon trucks; telescopic frames ,projecting therefrom; pllot guardssecured near the outer end of the telescopic frames, and extendingrearwardly, downwardly and diverging therefrom, and depending bracketssecured to the supporting frames in which the pilot guardshave a movablebearing; substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

17. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame-mounted upontrucks; telescopic frames projecting therefrom; pilot guards havingtheir outer ends secured to the telescopic frames and extendingrearwardly, downwardly and diverging therefrom and having a suitablesupport whereby they are held at a point beneath the truck axles;substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

18. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; telescopic frames projecting therefrom, and inverted V- shapedpilot guards secured to the telescopic frames; substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

19. In a railway car, the combination of-a platform mounted upon trucks;a flexible, sectional car body pivotally mounted upon the platform;means for moving the car body laterally upon its pivotal point, andmeans for protecting the central joint of the car body from undue strainwhen beingso moved on its pivotal support; substantially as describedand for the purpose set forth.

20. In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upon trucks;a flexible sectional car body pivotally mounted upon the platform; acable mounted upon rollers on said platform and having frictionalcontact therewith, said cable being secured to the car body at suitablepoints, and having tension bars secured to the platform with pulleysthereon with which the cable engages for the purpose of taking up slackin the same; substantially as set forth. f

2l.l In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upontrucks; a flexible, sectional car body pivotally mounted upon theplatform; tension bars having -one of their ends secured to the car-bodyand their opposite end secured to the platform; said tension barsservingto tensionally hold the car body in longitudinal alignment with theplatform; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

22. In a railway car, the combination of aplatform mounted upon trucks;a car body pivotally mounted upon the platform, and tension bars 91,being secured at 90, to the platform and to the car body'at 92, fortensionally holding the car bodyin horizontal alignment with theplatform; substantially as set forth.

23. In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upon trucks;a car body pivotally supported upon the platform; safety doors hingedto`the car body, and means in connection withthe car body and platformwhereby when the car body is moved laterally on its pivot, the safetydoors will be automatically opened; substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

IOO

IIO

24:. In a railway car, the combination of a platform mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally supported upon the platform; safety doorshinged to the car body; a bell crank lever 126, pivoted to the car bodyand having a downwardly extending arm 1.81; a plate 125, secured to theplatform over which the arm 131, travels and automatically releases thesafety door and permits it to open as the car moves laterally on itspivot; substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

25. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; telescopic frames projecting therefrom; and means for lockingthe supporting frames of adjacent cars in longitudinal alignment whensaid telescopic frames have been driven inward; substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

26. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; telescopic frames projecting therefrom and interlocking members181, 182, locking said supporting frames in longitudinal alignment whensaid telescopic frames have been driven inward; substantially asdescribed and for the purpose set forth.

27. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; telescopic frames projecting therefrom; rods 181, and bellmouthed tubes 182, secured to the supporting frame, said rods and tubesbeing alternate and mounted on each end of the supporting frames'whereby when the telescopic frames have been driven inward, the rodsand tubes on adjacent supporting frames will interlock with each other;substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

28. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; truss bars extending parallel with the supporting frame andbeneath the truck axles and depending brackets secured to the supportingframes and adjacent to the trucks to which the truss bars are connected;substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

29. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally mounted thereon, and adapted to movelaterally on its pivot, and means for automatically connecting the topof the car body with an adjacent car when said car has been movedlaterally; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

80. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally mounted thereon and adapted to movelaterally with mechanism mounted upon the ends of the car body whichwill automaticallyT unite with mechanism on the adjacent end of anothercar body of' its like, when in longitudinal alignment therewith, andthus form a friction clutch, and by the lateral movement of the car bodyform a positive connecting tension clutch and which will freely andautomatically `release either or both of said connections whennecessary; sub stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

31. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally mounted thereon, and a vestibule having achaiin g plate so attached to the end of the car as to have a swingingand lateral movement upon the same; substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

32. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally mounted thereon; a vestibule havingaehaingplate so mounted upon a car body having beveled ends as to beautomatically adjustable from a transverse alignment with the body ofthe car to an alignment with its beveled portion; substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

38. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally mounted thereon; and having beveled ends; avestibule having a @hating plate xed thereto and having a gangwayplatform .fixed to the chang plate; substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

8i. In a railway car having avestibule,the combination of a pivoted post14:9,havingextending arms 152; a chafing plate hinged to said arms; aspring for holding said arms in an obliquely extended position with thechafing plate; a tension spring 160; a bolt 159, passing through thesame, and a bracket 158, forming a bearing for said spring;substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

85. A railway car body having beveled ends; a gangway platform pivotallyconnected therewith, and having face plates secured thereto intransverse alignment with the car body, and adapted to be moved intooblique align ment therewith; substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

36. A railway car having beveled ends;`a gan gway platform 150, pivotedthereto having a face plate 166, with extensions 167, and springs fornormally holding the platforms in transverse alignment with the body ofthe gamhsubstantially as and for the purpose set ort 37. In a railwaycar, the combination of a flexible jointed carbody mounted upon aturntable having a suitable support, said turntable having a centralpost; a pivoted member secured to one section of the car body; a pivotedmember secured to the other section of the car body, one of said membersoverlapping and having a bearing' ou the other ICO IIO

member; substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

88. In a railway car, the combination of .a flexible jointed car body; asupporting lframe mounted upon trucks; a vertical post; turntablemembers having pivotal connection with the post on which the sectionalcar body is mounted, one section of the cai,` body having a topextension adapted to overlap the other section and through which thevertical post extends; a bearing plate loosely mounted-on said post andsecured to one section of the car body, and a similar bearing platesecured rigidly to the post and also secured to the other section of thecar body; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

39. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame; atiexiblejointed car body mounted upon a turn-table supported by saidframe, said turn-table consisting of separate members; a central post towhich the turntable members are pivoted; a laterally extending arm onthe lower end of the post; a laterally extending arm ou one of theturntable members; a telescopic frame projecting from the supportingframe, and means` for connecting the telescopic frame with said arms;substantially as set forth.

40. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotally mounted on said frame; a telescopic frameprojecting from the supporting frame; a compression cylinder and meansfor connecting the telescopic frame with the compression cylinder whenthe same has been driven inward; substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

41. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a car body pivotallj1 mounted on said frame; a telescopic frameprojecting from the supporting frame; a compression cylinder having apist0n; athrust rod between the cylinder piston and the telescopic frameand secured tothe telescopic frame; a support for said thrust rod and aspring located upon said rod'on each side of said support; substantiallyas described and for the purpose set forth.

42. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; atelescopic frame projecting therefrom, and a locking deviceforlocking the telescopic frame in its extended position, consisting ofa rockshaft 11, havinga movable bearing; and arm 10, secured thereto,said arm being provided with an extension for engaging the rear end ofthe telescopic frame; substantially as described.

43. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a telescopic frame projecting therefrom; a rockguide bolt 30,having a spring thereon with which the arm 27, engages; substantially'asand for the purpose set forth.

44. In a railway car, the combination of a supportingframe mountedupontrucks; a telescopic frame projecting therefrom; an arm 10, mountedon a shaft 1l, having a movable bearing consisting of a hinged bar l2,having a guide bolt 14, passing through the bar 12, and a spring in saidbolt with which said bar engages; substantially as described and for thepurpose set forth.

45. In a railway car, the combination of a supporting frame mounted upontrucks; a flexible car body mounted thereon; a telescopic frameprojecting from the supporting frame; a latch receiver secured to thebottom of the car body; a pivoted latch bar; means for normally holdingthe latch bar in engagement with the latch receiver; a rock-shaft havinga depending arm; a rod for connecting the depending arm with the latchbar, and an arm l0, on the rock-shaft for engaging the telescopic framewhereby one section of the car body may be unlocked irrespective of theother section; substantially as and for the purpose set forth. JUSTIN E.PAGE.

Witnesses:

A. P. NICHOLS,

F. E. MULLETT.

